Industry Research Series 2025/26

The Merch Ecosystem

Mapping the global merch landscape — where promotional products fit, where the money flows, and why the next five years will reshape the entire industry.

$27.7bn
US Promo Market 2025
$14.24bn
European Market 2024
£1.334bn
UK Market 2025
$323bn
Global Licensed Merch
01 The Demand Landscape
02 The Ecosystem
03 The Value Chain
04 The Convergence
05 Market in Numbers
01 — The Demand Landscape

Three columns of demand. One sits at the centre of everything.

The global market for decorated, branded and customised products spans three structurally different demand columns. Understanding where they start, where they overlap, and what makes each distinct is the starting point for understanding where the industry is heading.

Customized Design
B2B-embedded, compliance-driven
Aggregators
↳ Merch Platforms
↳ Merch Companies
Referrers
★ Promotional Products
Design / Content
Merch / License / Content / e-tail
Creators & Communities
Gaming & Sports Merch
Music & Entertainment
Fashion
Retail / Brands
Retail & E-tail
Sports
Brands
★ Promotional Products sits within the Customized Design column — a B2B-embedded vertical with structurally higher value, compliance requirements and switching costs than the consumer merch segments. Market size proportions originally derived from textile impression data.

Why these distinctions matter

The three columns are not just categories — they are structurally different markets. Fashion and retail operate on consumer-facing economics: trend cycles, thin margins on individual items, and volume-led fulfilment. Design and content merch is driven by digital audiences and creator economies, with speed and platform integration as the primary differentiators.

Promotional Products — the Customized Design column — operates on entirely different commercial logic. Orders are B2B. Relationships are account-managed. Supply chains are certified and audited. Products carry brand compliance requirements that cannot be met by a consumer POD platform. This is not just a different category. It is a different industry, with different economics, different buyer behaviour, and different structural value.

And yet the three columns are converging. The brands that buy promotional products are the same brands that run licensing programmes and e-commerce stores. The creators who sell fan merch are increasingly looking at branded products and corporate gifting. The platforms that serve consumer merch are eyeing B2B. Understanding all three columns — and their relationships — is what separates the businesses that will lead this market from those that will simply participate in it.

"Promotional Products is not a subset of the merch industry — it is a structurally distinct, B2B-embedded vertical with 23 years of proprietary data and relationships that cannot be replicated."

— Sourcing City Market Research 2025/26
02 — The Merch Ecosystem

Five clusters. One fragmented market. One platform at the centre.

The merch ecosystem is not a single industry — it is five interconnected player clusters, each with different economics, different relationships, and different data needs. The platform that spans more than one cluster owns the most valuable position in the market.

Demand Generators
Brands, businesses & organisations that need merch
  • Corporate brands & agencies
  • Sports teams & leagues
  • Music & entertainment
  • Gaming & e-sports
  • Charities & events
  • Government & education
Content & Creator
Creators, communities & digital platforms
  • YouTubers & streamers
  • Podcasters
  • Social media influencers
  • Gaming communities
  • TikTok / Instagram
  • Fan communities
★ Promotional Products
The B2B-embedded vertical — Sourcing City's home
  • Distributors: 3,000 UK / 30,000 US
  • Suppliers: 300 Active UK / 3,500 US
  • $27.7bn US | £1.334bn UK
Fulfilment & POD
Production & decorating supply chain
  • Print-on-demand platforms
  • Printful / Printify / Gelato
  • Decoration specialists
  • Stahls / Kornit Digital
  • Apparel blanks suppliers
  • Global logistics networks
Aggregators & Tech
Platforms that connect it all
  • Shopify / WooCommerce
  • Canva / Adobe
  • Merch by Amazon
  • Zazzle / Redbubble
  • Threadless / Tee Public
  • ASI ESP / Sourcing City
The Connective Tissue
Every cluster depends on the others — but few platforms span more than one
Demand generators need fulfilment but don't want to manage supply chains. Creators need branded products but lack access to professional-grade distributors. POD platforms serve volume but lack the B2B compliance layer. The businesses that understand more than one cluster will define the next phase of the industry.
Where the Gaps Are
The ecosystem is fragmented — and that fragmentation is the opportunity
No single platform connects brand demand to compliant B2B fulfilment at scale. Data does not flow between clusters. Supplier data, buyer behaviour and market intelligence sit in silos. The platform that bridges these gaps owns the most valuable and defensible position in the ecosystem.
Why This Matters Now
The window to build the connective layer is open — but it won't stay open
Convergence is accelerating. AI-powered discovery, real-time supplier data and digital workflow tools are collapsing barriers that previously kept the five clusters separate. The businesses investing in cross-cluster infrastructure now are building moats that will be structurally difficult to replicate within five years.

"The merch ecosystem is large, fragmented and converging — and Sourcing City sits at the centre of its most defensible segment."

— Sourcing City Industry Research 2025/26
03 — The Value Chain

Follow the money.

From brand intent to decorated product, value concentrates at the aggregation layer — the platform or distributor that owns the brand relationship, curates the supply and takes the commercial risk. This is why platform businesses in promotional products command premium valuations.

01
Demand
$191bn+
Creator economy globally. Brands, creators and communities decide they need merch.
  • Corporate marketing & events
  • Creator & fan merch drops
  • Licensed entertainment merch
  • Sports & gaming teams
  • Employee engagement
02
Aggregation
$42bn+
US + Europe promo market 2025. Platforms and distributors connect demand to supply.
  • Promotional distributors
  • Merch platforms
  • POD marketplaces
  • Brand merch agencies
  • ★ Sourcing City
03
Production
$13bn
Global POD market 2024. 25%+ CAGR to 2033. Suppliers and decorators manufacture and fulfil.
  • Apparel blanks & hard goods
  • Embroidery, print, DTG
  • POD fulfilment networks
  • Branded packaging
  • QC & compliance
04
Consumption
$323bn
Global licensed merch market 2024. The end customer receives a physical expression of a brand.
  • B2B: employees & clients
  • B2C: fans & communities
  • Retail: own-brand & licensed
  • Events: conferences & sports
  • Digital: NFT-linked drops

Where value actually concentrates

The aggregation layer captures the highest margin in the chain. It owns the brand relationship, curates supply, manages compliance, and takes the commercial risk. In promotional products, this means the distributor — and the platform that serves the distributor.

This is structurally different from the consumer merch world, where platform economics trend toward zero margin on fulfilment and value concentrates instead in discovery and data. In B2B promotional products, the relationship and the data are inseparable. A distributor who knows their client's brand guidelines, approved supplier list, ethical sourcing requirements, and historical spend is worth considerably more than a platform that can print a T-shirt in three days.

The businesses that understand this — and build data assets and platform capabilities that deepen the relationship rather than commoditise it — will define the next decade of the promotional products industry.

04 — The Convergence

Two industries are colliding. The collision zone is the opportunity.

Traditional promotional products and consumer merch have operated as parallel industries for decades. The same supply chains. The same factories. Completely different commercial models. That separation is ending — and the businesses that understand both worlds will capture the most value from the transition.

Traditional Promo
  • B2B — brand to distributor to end user
  • Relationship-led, compliance-driven
  • Longer lead times, bulk order economics
  • Deep supplier data and certifications
  • $27.7bn US | $14.24bn Europe
  • Steady growth — resilient through recessions
The Collision Zone
  • POD Hot Drops — Promo-grade quality at POD speed. Moments-led merchandise for brands and creators who can't wait six weeks for a sample approval.
  • Creator Merch at Scale — Creators need the reliability and compliance of B2B supply chains behind consumer-facing storefronts.
  • Brand Merch Programmes — The same brand running a licensed merch range is also buying 10,000 branded pens for a conference. Same supply chain. Different channel.
  • AI-Powered Discovery — Buyers across both worlds want one intelligent search surface for all decorated products.
Consumer Merch
  • B2C — creator or brand to consumer direct
  • Platform-led, algorithm-driven discovery
  • On-demand, fast fulfilment, low MOQ
  • Limited compliance or account management
  • POD market $13bn, 25%+ CAGR to 2033
  • Creator economy $191bn+ globally
01 — Brands Want Both
The same brief is arriving from two directions at once
The brand that buys 10,000 branded pens for its annual conference now also wants a limited-run creator drop for its social audience the following week. Promo and merch are the same supply chain, serving the same brief, for the same buyer. The distributor who can serve both wins the account.
02 — Technology Removes the Barriers
AI, real-time data and digital workflows are collapsing the B2B/B2C divide
AI search, real-time pricing APIs and digital workflow tools mean a distributor can now serve a creator or a startup as easily as a corporate account — without sacrificing the compliance and data layer that defines the B2B relationship. The question is no longer whether this is possible, but which platforms get there first.
03 — The Platform That Bridges Wins
Whoever builds the connective layer owns the most valuable position in a converging market
The platform that links B2B supply chain quality to B2C speed and discovery — with data, relationships and AI built into the infrastructure — owns a position that is extraordinarily hard to replicate. In a $60bn+ combined addressable market, that is not a niche. It is the centre of everything.

"The collision between B2B promotional products and B2C consumer merch is not a threat to the industry — it is the single biggest expansion opportunity the promotional products world has seen in a generation."

— Sourcing City Industry Research 2025/26
05 — Market in Numbers

The numbers behind the opportunity.

Sized across the US, UK and Europe, with global context. Sources: ASI Research 2024/25/26, Sourcing City Market Report 2025. Where estimates are used, they are noted as such.

$27.7bn
US Promotional Products 2025
5th consecutive annual record. +4.2% YoY. Q4 alone up 5.1%. Extra-large distributors +9.3% in Q4. Source: ASI Research, January 2026.
$14.24bn
European Promo Market 2024
UK $2.096bn (+4%), EU $10.8bn, plus Norway/Iceland/Switzerland. +1.22% overall. Source: ASI Research, June 2025.
£1.334bn
UK Promo Market 2025
18 consecutive years of market data. +8.3% YoY from £1.232bn. Source: Sourcing City UK & Ireland Market Report 2025.
$42bn+
Combined US + Europe 2025
The English-speaking and European promotional products world. The platform opportunity, conservatively sized.
$323bn
Global Licensed Merch Market 2024
Sports licensing alone $36bn. Fashion licensing and entertainment are the largest segments. Source: Market Reports World, 2024.
$13bn
Global POD Market 2024
Projected $57–75bn by 2033 at 25%+ CAGR. North America leads at 36% share. Source: Grand View Research / Straits Research 2024.
$191bn+
Global Creator Economy
Merch is a core monetisation layer. Merchandise companies generate $500m+ annually within the creator ecosystem. Source: Market.us, 2025.
88%
US Distributors Raised Prices in 2025
Average increase ~11%, largely driven by tariff impacts. Means some of the 4.2% "growth" reflects higher pricing more than volume. Source: ASI Research, 2026.

US & European Market Detail

Market 2024 Value 2025 Value Growth Notes
United States (North America) $26.6bn $27.7bn +4.2% 5th consecutive record. Q4 strongest quarter +5.1%. ASI, Jan 2026.
Europe (combined) $14.24bn Est. $14.5bn +1.2% UK, EU 27, Norway, Iceland, Switzerland. ASI Research, Jun 2025.
— United Kingdom $2.096bn £1.334bn +4% (USD) / +8.3% (GBP) Second largest European market behind Germany. Sourcing City Market Report 2025.
— Germany Largest in EU Declined in 2024 Largest single European market. Economic uncertainty impact. ASI 2025.
— France, Italy, Spain $1bn+ each Spain & Italy growing Four nations exceed $1bn: Germany, UK, France, Italy. ASI 2023/24.
Combined US + Europe $40.8bn $42bn+ +3% Sourcing City estimate based on ASI data.

What the numbers don't tell you

The headline figures — $27.7bn in the US, $14.24bn in Europe — are impressive. But they understate the real opportunity in two important ways.

First, the 2025 US growth figure carries a caveat: nearly 90% of US distributors raised prices in 2025, by an average of 11%, primarily driven by tariff impacts. Some of the 4.2% "growth" therefore reflects higher pricing rather than increased order volume. That is not bad news — it demonstrates that the industry has pricing power. But it is worth understanding the quality of the growth, not just the quantum.

Second, the promotional products market as defined by ASI captures distributor-level sales. It does not capture the full value of the decorated products ecosystem — the licensed merch, the creator economy, the POD platforms, the brand merch programmes that sit adjacent to traditional promo. Add those adjacencies, and the total addressable opportunity is a multiple of the ASI headline number. The promotional products industry is not a $42bn market that happens to neighbour a few other markets. It is the most defensible, highest-value, best-data-equipped segment within a converging opportunity that runs well into the hundreds of billions.

Sourcing City — 23 Years at the Centre

The infrastructure layer for a £1.334bn market — and the platform positioned to serve what comes next.

Sourcing City connects 670+ subscribing companies across the UK and Ireland promotional products industry. Real-time supplier data. AI-powered search. 23 years of embedded network effects. The most valuable and most active part of the market — and the platform built to serve it.